Keywords
emergency
healing
prehospital care
wound care
How to Cite
Abstract
Wounds are a daily challenge in emergencies and in emergency departments [1]. Acute wounds are ranked as the second reason to seek emergency care in the United States (11%) and the leading reason (13%) to visit an emergency department in France [2]. Half are related to the head, one third to the upper extremities and 13% to lower extremities. But chronic wounds can also be seen in an emergency setting in the case of acute complications (e.g. bleeding, infection) or because they are carried by a patient admitted to the emergency department independently from the wound. If their management requires a joint competency in wound care, approaches will differ, both technically and from a more general perspective. The objective of this educational work is to provide caregivers, physicians, nursing staff and first aid responders with the fundamentals to manage more appropriately acute or chronic wounds identified in acute phases.
References
Pitts SR, Niska RW, Xu J, Burt CW. National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2006 emergency department summary. Natl Health Stat Report 2008; 6:1-38.
French Society for Emergency Medicine. 12e conférence de consensus. Prise en charge des plaies aux Urgences. Ed. SFMU 2005; 47 pp. Available from : http://www.infectiologie.com/site/medias/_documents/consensus/ consensus-LONG-plaies2006.pdf (Last access 23/02/2018).
Hinglais E, Prével M. Plaies aux urgences, prise en charge. Éd. EMC – Médecine 2.2005; 323-40.
Singer AJ, Dagum AB. Current management of acute cutaneous wounds. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:1037-46.
Nicks BA, Ayello EA, Woo K, Nitzki-George D, Stibbald RG. Acute wound management: revisiting the approach to assessment, irrigation, and closure considerations. Int J Emerg Med 2010; 3:399-407.
Enoch S. Basic science of wound healing. Surgery 2008; 26:31-7.
Revol M, Servant JM. Cicatrisation dirigée. Éd. EMC- Techniques chirurgicales – Chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique. 45-050, 2010.
Khan MN, Naqvi AH. Antiseptics, iodine, povidone iodine and traumatic wound cleansing. J Tissue Viability 2006; 16:6-10.
Hinman CD, Maibach H. Effect of air exposure and occlusion on experimental human skin wounds. Nature 1963; 200:377-8.
Monaco JL, Lawrence WT. Acute wound healing. An overview. Clin Plast Surg 2003; 30:1-2.
Fernandez R, Griffiths R. Water for wound cleansing. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 15:2. CD003861.
Weiss EA, Oldham G, Lin M, Foster T, Quinn JV. Water is a safe and effective alternative to sterile normal saline for wound irrigation prior to suturing: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. BMJ Open 2013; 3:e001504.
Nederlandse Verenigingvoor Heelkunde. Richtlijn “Wondzorg”. Evidence- based richtlijnvoor de behandeling van wonden met een acute etiologie in de ketenzorg. 2013; 226 pp. available from: https://www.brons.nhg.org/themas/ publicaties/wondzorg.
Chatterjee JS. A critical review of irrigation techniques in acute wounds. Int Wound J 2005; 2:258-65.
Le Mouël L. Plaies et morsures de mammifères. Plaies Cicatrisation 2002; 13:36-40.
Vloemans AF, Hermans MH, Van der Wal MB, Liebregts J, Middelkoop
E. Optimal treatment of partial thickness burns in children: a systematic review. Burns 2014; 40:177-90.
Lefort H, Zanker C, Fromantin I, Claret PG, Douay B, Ganansia O, et al. Wound care in emergency. Formalized expert guidelines by the French Society of Emergency Medicine (SFMU), in partnership with the French Society of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (SOFCPRE) and the French and Francophone Wound Healing Society (SFFPC), and the support of the French Infectious Diseases Society (SPILF) and the French Speaking Group in Pediatric Intensive Care and Emergency (GFRUP). Rev Fr Cicatrisation 2018; 1:48-61.
Kamolz LP, Wild T. Wound bed preparation: The impact of debridement and wound cleansing. Wound Med 2013; 2:44-50.
Zielins ER, Atashroo DA, Maan ZN, Duscher D, Walmsley GG, Hu M, et al. Wound healing: an update. Regen Med 2014; 9:817-30.
Meaume S, Barrois B, Faucher N. French national wound management survey: choice criteria of dressings. Br J Nurs 2011; 20:S10, S12, S14-6.
Meaume S, Kerihuel JC, Fromantin I, Téot L. Workload and prevalence of open wounds in the community: French Vulnus initiative. J Wound Care 2012; 21:62-73.
Dowsett C. Malignant fungating wounds: assessement and management. Br J Community Nurs 2002; 7:394-400.
Gegel BT, Austin PN, Johnson AD. An evidence-based review of the use of a combat gauze (QuikClot) for hemorrhage control. AANA J 2013; 81:453-8.
Travers S, Lefort H, Ramdani E, Lemoine S, Jost D, Bignand M, et al. Hemostatic dressings in civil prehospital practice: 30 uses of QuikClot Combat Gauze®. Eur J Emerg Med 2016; 23:391-4.
Agrawal P, Soni S, Mittal G, Bhatnagar A. Role of polymeric biomaterials as wound healing agents. Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2014; 13:180-90.